Pneumonia is a common and serious respiratory infection that affects the lungs that is caused by various infections including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and also some parasites. The pneumonia vaccine is…

The Meningitis B vaccine is designed to protect against infection caused by the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B bacteria, which is one of the major causes of meningococcal disease. Meningococcal disease…

The Meningitis ACWY vaccine, also known as the MenACWY vaccine, is a vaccine designed to protect against several strains of meningococcal bacteria. Meningococcal disease is a serious bacterial infection that…

The HPV vaccine protects against infection with certain strains of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a group of viruses that can infect various parts of the body, including the…

Hepatitis A is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver and is typically spread through the consumption of contaminated food or water. The vaccine helps to prevent Hepatitis A…

The Diphtheria, Tetanus and Polio vaccine, often abbreviated as DTaP or DTP, is a combination vaccine that provides protection against three different infectious diseases: diphtheria, tetanus (lockjaw), and polio (poliomyelitis).…

The Dukoral cholera vaccine is an oral vaccine designed to prevent cholera. It requires two doses for full protection, with the doses usually given one to six weeks apart. Dukoral…

The combined Hepatitis A and B vaccine is a single vaccine that provides protection against both Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B. The combined vaccine is generally recommended for people who…

Hepatitis B is caused by a viral infection of the liver by the hepatitis B virus (BHV).

Cases occur all over the world but are most common in East Asia and Sub Saharan Africa. of the liver spread by direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person. It occurs worldwide with highest rates reported in parts of East Asia, Sub Saharan Africa, the Amazon, southern, eastern and central Europe, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. **copied text

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a flavirus mosquito-borne virus which affects the brain. Approximately 70,000 clinical cases occur in 24 countries (WHO, 2015). They are prevalent around rural farming areas in Asia. **copied text

Rabies is a viral disease transmitted to humans usually by a bite or scratch from a rabid animal (usually a dog). Once symptoms are present, rabies is almost always fatal.

Rabies in animals occurs in ALL continents except Antarctica. Approximately 60,000 people die from rabies each year. The majority of those deaths are in Asia and Africa. **copied text

Typhoid is caused following the ingestion of contaminated food or water infected with the bacterium Salmonella enterica, serotype typhi. Paratyphoid fever is less severe but clinically similar, caused by Salmonella paratyphi.

The vast majority of cases occur in Asia but there are still reports of infections across the world, particularly in Africa and parts of Central & South America. **copied text**